Smart Composite Materials with Embedded Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring in High Performance Mechanical Engineering Applications

Danang Danang; Riza Phahlevi Marwanto; Helmi Wibowo; Muhammad Akbar Hariyono; Yuanita Sinatrya

doi:10.61132/ijiime.v1i2.398

Authors

Danang Danang Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Komputer
Riza Phahlevi Marwanto Program Studi Rekayasa Sistem Transportadi Jalan
Helmi Wibowo Politeknik Keselamatan Transportasi Jalan
Muhammad Akbar Hariyono Politeknik Unggulan Kalimantan
Yuanita Sinatrya Universitas Mahakarya Asia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61132/ijiime.v1i2.398

Keywords:

Composite Structures, Embedded Sensors, Machine Learning, Structural Monitoring, Vibration Analysis

Abstract

Background: Structural Health Monitoring plays a critical role in ensuring the safety, reliability, and sustainability of high performance composite structures used in aerospace, civil infrastructure, and mechanical systems. Conventional externally mounted sensors often face challenges related to environmental interference, maintenance complexity, and long term stability. Objective: This study aims to develop and validate an integrated smart composite monitoring system with embedded sensing capabilities that enhances damage detection accuracy and operational durability under varying mechanical stress conditions. Method: Smart composite specimens were fabricated by embedding fiber optic and piezoelectric sensors within fiber reinforced polymer laminates, followed by tensile, fatigue, and vibration testing. Signal processing techniques including time frequency analysis were applied to extract damage sensitive features, which were then classified using machine learning algorithms to distinguish healthy and damaged structural states. Results: The experimental findings demonstrate high damage detection capability, stable sensor performance under cyclic loading, improved reliability compared to conventional monitoring approaches, and consistent monitoring accuracy throughout the fatigue life of the specimens. The integration of embedded sensing and data driven analytics significantly enhances structural response interpretation and supports predictive maintenance strategies.

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