Explainable Artificial Intelligence Framework for Interpretable Fault Diagnosis and Remaining Useful Life Prediction in Smart Industrial Rotating Machinery

Suyahman Suyahman; Deny Prasetyo; Ahmad Budi Trisnawan; Ardy Wicaksono; Muhamad Furqon

doi:10.61132/ijmicse.v1i1.402

Authors

Suyahman Suyahman Universitas Sugeng Hartono
Deny Prasetyo Universitas Sugeng Hartono
Ahmad Budi Trisnawan Universitas Mahakarya Asia
Ardy Wicaksono Universitas Sugeng Hartono
Muhamad Furqon Universitas Ma’some

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61132/ijmicse.v1i1.402

Keywords:

Explainable AI, Fault diagnosis, Industrial Systems, Predictive maintenance, Remaining Useful Life

Abstract

Predictive maintenance (PdM) plays a crucial role in modern industrial systems by minimizing downtime, reducing maintenance costs, and optimizing asset performance. However, many predictive models operate as “black box” systems, limiting transparency and making it difficult for operators to interpret their outputs. This study aims to integrate Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques with Remaining Useful Life (RUL) prediction models to improve both accuracy and interpretability. Various machine learning and deep learning approaches, including Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest (RF), XGBoost, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), are employed to predict RUL using real-time sensor data from rotating machinery. XAI methods such as SHAP, LIME, and attention mechanisms are applied to provide human-understandable explanations of model predictions. The models are evaluated based on accuracy, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and interpretability scores. The results show that XAI-enhanced models outperform traditional approaches in predictive performance while offering greater transparency. These explanations help maintenance engineers better understand the factors influencing predictions, thereby improving decision-making and trust in the system. Nevertheless, the integration of XAI introduces additional computational complexity, which may pose challenges for large-scale industrial implementation. Overall, this study highlights the potential of combining XAI with RUL prediction to develop more reliable, transparent, and effective predictive maintenance solutions.

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